Alfabetização e escolarização em Terras Indígenas no Brasil nas décadas de 1990 e 2000
Resumo
O texto trata do movimento da alfabetização e escolarização indígena no Brasil nas décadas de 1990 e 2000. Começa analisando a relação de alguns movimentos sociais com as transformações verificadas em relação à população indígena em geral, tais como a inclusão da categoria “indígena” nos censos, o grande aumento da população autodeclarada indígena e a passagem da educação indígena para a competência do Ministério da Educação. Analisa-se, então, a mudança conceitual e política representada pela escola indígena, bem como a forte expansão da rede escolar e da matrícula em Terras Indígenas. Por fim, discute-se a ideia de a escola indígena poder constituir-se não só em possibilidade de diálogo com os não indígenas, mas também em meio deafirmação e libertação dos povos indígenas.
Palavras-chave: Indígenas. Escolarização. Terras Indígenas. Zona Rural.
Literacy and schooling in Indigenous Lands in Brazil in the ’1990s and ’2000s
Abstract.The paper discusses the movement of indigenous literacy and schooling in Brazil in the ’1990s and ’2000s. It initially analyzes the relationship of some social movements with the changes that occurred vis-à-vis the indigenous population in general, such as the inclusion of the category “indigenous” in the censuses, the significant increase in the number of people who identify themselves as indigenous and the decision to put indigenous education under the competence of the Ministry of Education. It then describes the conceptual and political change represented by the indigenous school, as well as the large expansion of the school network and the rise in the number of enrollments in Indigenous Lands. Finally, the paper raises the question whether the indigenous school might represent not only a possibility of dialogue with the non-indigenous population, but also a means of affirmation and liberation for indigenous people.
Keywords: Indigenous people. Schooling. Indigenous Lands. Rural Areas.
Palavras-chave: Indígenas. Escolarização. Terras Indígenas. Zona Rural.
Literacy and schooling in Indigenous Lands in Brazil in the ’1990s and ’2000s
Abstract.The paper discusses the movement of indigenous literacy and schooling in Brazil in the ’1990s and ’2000s. It initially analyzes the relationship of some social movements with the changes that occurred vis-à-vis the indigenous population in general, such as the inclusion of the category “indigenous” in the censuses, the significant increase in the number of people who identify themselves as indigenous and the decision to put indigenous education under the competence of the Ministry of Education. It then describes the conceptual and political change represented by the indigenous school, as well as the large expansion of the school network and the rise in the number of enrollments in Indigenous Lands. Finally, the paper raises the question whether the indigenous school might represent not only a possibility of dialogue with the non-indigenous population, but also a means of affirmation and liberation for indigenous people.
Keywords: Indigenous people. Schooling. Indigenous Lands. Rural Areas.