O Estado Quebequense Diante dos Desafios da Diversidade Etnocultural

Alain-G. Gagnon, François Boucher

Resumo


O presente texto retraça, à luz do contexto internacional, a trajetória quebequense em matéria de integração e de gestão da diversidade. Destacando as diferentes tendências que marcaram a evolução das políticas e iniciativas do Estado do Quebec desde meados dos anos 1960, Alain-G. Gagnon e François Boucher se concentram em examinar os fundamentos de uma abordagem cujo enfoque principal é a participação de todos em uma sociedade francófona e plural. A implantação deste programa é situada, inicialmente, no contexto mais amplo da instauração de regimes pluralistas nas democracias liberais e, então, do refluxo que estas sociedades registraram contra o reconhecimento do pluralismo cultural e religioso na virada dos anos 2000. Os autores apresentam, em seguida, as grandes etapas do desenvolvimento do modelo quebequense de gestão da diversidade, desde a redefinição da maioria de origem canadense-francesa como pilar de uma sociedade francófona de acolhida, até a formulação progressiva de um âmbito decididamente cívico de coabitação. Evitando, até o presente momento, a armadilha do retorno ao assimilacionismo, como é o caso em várias sociedades europeias, este âmbito será tanto mais promissor quanto ele continuar a apostar na inclusão, na luta contra a discriminação e no intercâmbio sustentado entre cidadãos de diferentes origens. Assim, o desenvolvimento da abordagem quebequense em matéria de integração deve, hoje, passar pelo aprofundamento das práticas que favoreçam o diálogo entre os diferentes componentes da sociedade quebequense, a luta pela justiça social e a busca de uma maior igualdade cidadã. 


Palavras-chave


Quebec; Diversidade Etnocultural; Laicidade; Interculturalismo; Imigração

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Referências


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ISSN eletrônico: 1984-5677

ISSN impresso: 1519-0994