A noção de público e a diversidade institucional na história da educação superior brasileira
Resumo
O artigo analisa elementos do desenvolvimento histórico da educação superior brasileira, focalizando-o como parte da cultura política dessa sociedade e de disputas em torno das quais se expressa a configuração institucional. Visa-se compreender o caráter de público inerente a essa dinâmica histórica. Busca-se inspiração em estudiosos da cultura política, como Faoro (1987) e Tavares (2000), e da educação brasileira, como Cunha (1988, 1989) e Fávero (1991). A análise se detém na década de 1990, empenhando-se em reunir elementos próprios e em constituir uma interpretação que contribua para o debate atual sobre o tema. Mostra-se que o caráter público é historicamente precário, mas também a organização acadêmico-institucional é frágil, o que coloca desafios ainda mais grandiosos para garantia de que a expansão atual possa vislumbrar forte caráter público. Entretanto, não se desconhecem possibilidades de aprimoramentos nesse sentido. O texto apresenta cinco períodos históricos definidos com base na abordagem anunciada, o que permite uma sistematização da análise.
Palavras-chave: educação superior, caráter público, cultura política, diversidade institucional.
The notion of public and the institutional diversificationin the history of higher education in Brazil
AbstractThis paper aims at analyzing aspects of the historical development of Higher Education in Brazil, as part of Brazilian political culture and as a result of different points of view that originated this institutional framework. The public character inherent to this historical dynamics is studied in the light of important authors on political culture, such as Faoro (1987) and Tavares (2000), and on Brazilian education, as Cunha (1988,1989) and Fávero (1991). This analysis is concentrated in the nineties, and it intends to construct own means of interpretation able to contribute to the present debate on the subject. Public character is historically precarious, but academic-institutional organization is also delicate, fact that is even more challenging to guarantee that the present expansion of Higher Education can perceive a strong public character, although possibilities to improve in this sense are not ignored. The text is organized under five historical periods, defined according to the announced approach, allowing this analysis to be systematized.
Key-words: higher education, public character, political culture, institutional diversification.
Palavras-chave: educação superior, caráter público, cultura política, diversidade institucional.
The notion of public and the institutional diversificationin the history of higher education in Brazil
AbstractThis paper aims at analyzing aspects of the historical development of Higher Education in Brazil, as part of Brazilian political culture and as a result of different points of view that originated this institutional framework. The public character inherent to this historical dynamics is studied in the light of important authors on political culture, such as Faoro (1987) and Tavares (2000), and on Brazilian education, as Cunha (1988,1989) and Fávero (1991). This analysis is concentrated in the nineties, and it intends to construct own means of interpretation able to contribute to the present debate on the subject. Public character is historically precarious, but academic-institutional organization is also delicate, fact that is even more challenging to guarantee that the present expansion of Higher Education can perceive a strong public character, although possibilities to improve in this sense are not ignored. The text is organized under five historical periods, defined according to the announced approach, allowing this analysis to be systematized.
Key-words: higher education, public character, political culture, institutional diversification.