Estudos sobre o funcionamento do sistema de ensino: da reprodução das desigualdades sociais ao efeito escola
Resumo
Este texto apresenta revisão de literatura, em sua maioria estrangeira, sobre a temática da desigualdade de acesso à educação formal. Inicialmente, são discutidas contribuições da Teoria da Reprodução para a ampliação da compreensão do fenômeno educacional, especialmente a partir da noção de capital cultural e sua influência no desempenho escolar de estudantes de diferentes classes sociais. Essa análise é sucedida por uma reflexão acerca dos estudos sobre efeito escola, realizados tanto no exterior quanto no Brasil, enfocando a contribuição destas pesquisas para a compreensão de como a escola, apesar da relevância da classe social, pode ser um diferencial na trajetória escolar dos estudantes, principalmente em países em desenvolvimento como o Brasil, no qual as condições de escolarização são ainda muito segmentadas.
Palavras-chave: acesso à educação; desigualdade; capital cultural; efeito escola.
Studies about the functioning of the education system: from the reproduction of social inequalities to the Effect School
AbstractThis paper presents a literature review, mostly foreign, about the unequal access to formal education thematic. Initially are discussed contributions of the Reproduction Theory, for the expansion of understanding of educational phenomenon, particularly from the concept of cultural capital and its influence on the academic performance of students from different social classes. This analysis is followed by a discussion about the studies on School Effects, made both abroad and in Brazil, focusing on the contribution of these research to understand, as the school, despite the relevance of social class factor, it can be a differential in the school trajectory of the students, mainly in developing countries like Brazil, where the schooling conditions still are very segmented.
Key-words: education access; inequality; cultural capital; school effect.
Palavras-chave: acesso à educação; desigualdade; capital cultural; efeito escola.
Studies about the functioning of the education system: from the reproduction of social inequalities to the Effect School
AbstractThis paper presents a literature review, mostly foreign, about the unequal access to formal education thematic. Initially are discussed contributions of the Reproduction Theory, for the expansion of understanding of educational phenomenon, particularly from the concept of cultural capital and its influence on the academic performance of students from different social classes. This analysis is followed by a discussion about the studies on School Effects, made both abroad and in Brazil, focusing on the contribution of these research to understand, as the school, despite the relevance of social class factor, it can be a differential in the school trajectory of the students, mainly in developing countries like Brazil, where the schooling conditions still are very segmented.
Key-words: education access; inequality; cultural capital; school effect.